• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A vehicle mounted liquid spreading device adapted to deliver selected, essentially constant, volumes of liquid per unit area over a range of vehicle speeds. The device operates to adjust the pressure in the liquid distribution system as a function of vehicle speed by comparing the pressure in the distribution system to a pressure proportional to the vehicle speed and utilizing a signal so obtained to control a liquid by-pass valve.
    公开号:SU950180A3
    申请号:SU792859611
    申请日:1979-12-28
    公开日:1982-08-07
    发明作者:Сирий Жюстен Лестрад Морис
    申请人:Lestradet M C J；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to machines for spraying liquids during the treatment of plants. A switchgear mounted on a vehicle is known, in which the flow rate of the fluid is controlled depending on the speed of the vehicle. The known device contains a computing unit that controls the regulator, generates a reference signal, compared with the signal from the pressure gauge installed in the pressure line l. The disadvantages of the known device are the design complexity and high cost due to the use of electronic components. Closest to the proposed technical entity is a device for distributing kilkrsty depending on the speed of the vehicle, containing a reservoir for liquid, a spray bar, pipelines connecting the tank with the spray bar and pump, and a control valve connected by an pneumatic cylinder with an actuator which is connected to a controller connected to the vehicle speed sensor and to the fluid pressure sensor 2. The disadvantages of this device are the complexity of the design and the significant cost due to the use of electronic units. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design. This goal is achieved by the fact that the device is equipped with a circuit corrector installed between the controller and the speed sensor, the controller being designed as an air pressure adder, and the liquid pressure sensor and speed sensor are respectively a pressure to pressure pressure converter and a speed converter vehicle to air pressure. In addition, the device is equipped with an air pressure booster, and the speed converter to air pressure is made in the form of an air turbine connected to a driven wheel.
    vehicle, and the amplifier is installed between the turbine and the chain corrector.
    The device is equipped with a pneumatic, CMM subtractive mechanism connected with an amplifier or built into it.
    The turbine is made in the form of a paddle wheel.
    In this case, the speed-to-air pressure transducer is designed as a gear pump connected to the driven wheel of the vehicle.
    In addition, the device is equipped with an electropneumatic transducer associated with a velocity-to-air pressure transducer made in the form of a dielectric tachometer.
    The tachometer is made in the form of a ferromagnetic gear and a fixed magnetic sensor associated with it.
    In addition, the velocity to air pressure transducer is made in the form of a pneumatic sensor connected to a toothed disk, a source of air supply and an inverter connected to the sensor, the inverter being connected to a circuit corrector via an amplifier.
    The converter of speed to air pressure is made in the form of a branch pipe with a gate interacting with the arrow of the vehicle speedometer.
    The converter of speed to air pressure is made in the form of a piston pump and cylinder-shaped mechanism, through which the pump is connected to the driven wheel of the vehicle.
    In addition, the chain corrector is made in the form of a pneumatic amplifier and unregulated and adjustable chokes connected to it.
    The regulator is made in the form of two identical pneumatic adders with two inputs.
    The regulator is formed from two identical distributors with a ground piston.
    In addition, the device is equipped with a simulation system connected to a chain corrector, which is designed as a source of compressed air, a control valve and a pressure stabilizer connected to the input of a chain corrector in parallel with the velocity to air pressure transducer.
    Figure 1 shows a functional diagram of the spray device with automatically adjustable flow rate; figure 2 - diagram of the corrector circuit; FIG. 3 is a graph of a family of characteristics of the dependence of the fluid pressure in the boom on the speed of movement of the vehicle; 4 to 9 are embodiments of a speed sensor; Fig. 10 is an embodiment of a pressure sensor used to convert the pressure of the sprayed mass into proportional air pressure; Fig. 11 is a diagram of an embodiment of the controller; 12 shows one of the pneumatic comparison devices of the controller; Fig. 13 is a diagram of the second embodiment of the controller; on Fig diagram of the modeling system.
    The spray device consists of a tank 1 containing sawed effort, connected by means of pipe 2 to the inlet of the pump 3, for example, centrifugal, the outlet of which in turn is connected to the feed pipe 4. The latter, in turn, is connected to tank 1 by means of regulating a pipeline 5, equipped with a regulating valve 6. The tank 1 is also connected to a distribution chamber 7, into which it delivers the spraying liquid. The outlet opening of the distribution chamber 7, in turn, connected to a distribution rod 8, equipped with spray devices.
    The rotation of the adjusting valve 6 is carried out by the actuator 9.
    The pneumatic controller 10 controls the actuator. 9, and the first signal P is applied to it in the form of air pressure from pressure sensor 11.
    The pressure sensor 11 is a transducer that converts the pressure in the supply chamber 7 into proportional air pressure, with a reading gauge 12 supplied at the outlet of the sensor 11.
    The controller 10 receives the second air pressure signal Pj from the chain corrector 13. The latter receives a pneumatic signal, proportional to the speed of the vehicle with the distribution device, supplied by the speed sensor 14.
    The chain corrector 13 is also connected to the correction sensor 15 and to the safety unit 16, provided with a display device 17, which signals the driver of the vehicle about the normal state or the need to accelerate or slow down. This display device can be made in the form of a set of three light indicators, one of which is always on to indicate the current state of operation.
    权利要求:
    Claims (2)
    [1]
    The spray device works as follows. The controller 10 automatically controls the degree of inclination of the valve b depending on the difference between two and two signals (preferably formed by air pressure), representing: one of them is fluid pressure, actually existing in the distribution rod O and in the distribution chamber 7, and another (P) speed of movement of a vehicle with a mounted rod on it but to the ground. Suppose that the pressure in the distribution bar 8, i.e. Also in chamber 7, this pressure corresponds to the real speed of moving the NIN means relative to the earth at the desired concentration of fluid per hectare, then the controller 10 determines the zero difference between the pressure P to f tl by means of the actuator 9 holds the flaps 6 in that position, in where she is currently located. If the vehicle slows down, the speed sensor 14 converts this slowdown to a decrease in pressure applied to the circuit corrector. 13, which sends a signal P to the regulator 10 - less than P. The regulator 10 determines this imbalance and affects the executive mechanism 9, which controls the valve 6, forcing it to decrease performance, and the amplitude of this performance correction by the valve b follows a curve very close to the theoretical distribution pressure curve depending on travel rates for the desired product concentration per hectare. Thus, for any relative change in the difference between the vehicle speed and the pressure in the distribution rod, the controller 10 automatically controls the valve 6 so that in any circumstances the desired product concentration per hectare preserved and specified at the beginning of the distribution. Consider the various options for the implementation of the basic elements of the device for automatic distribution of liquid. Circuit corrector 13 consists of a first constant constriction of 18 and a second variable 19, controlled by a sensor 15, connected in parallel, and from a pneumatic device 20. When the device operates, the chain corrector acts on the signal P so that , representing the pressure in the distribution rod 8, depending on the speed of the vehicle and according to the different quantities of liquid sprayed per hectare, perhaps more closely approximated the family of characteristics illustrated in Fig. 3, which shows the dependence of the pressure in the rod on the vehicle speed and the amount of liquid to be distributed. p- /L.Qy -.f iOOKy, where C is the amount of liquid distributed, l; V is the vehicle speed; K is the characteristic coefficient of the injectors used in the distribution rod} P. - pressure “of the liquid in the rod. Each of the curves of FIG. 3 corresponds to a certain amount of product distributed per hectare. The curves have the shape of a parabola, but above a certain speed (4 km / h) and some pressure (1 bar), these curves may be (roughly) linearized, i.e. in normal areas of use (speed and pressure; the indicated curve sections shown in FIG. 3 with continuous lines can be replaced by straight average segments, with an acceptable approximation factor. Such straight line segments, from A to H, are presented in FIG. In addition, direct from A to H are in the form of dependencies, and the steepness is more direct than the amount of distribution of the product per hectare. Fig. 4 shows a first variant of a speed sensor, made in the form of a pneumatic turbine 21, which is driven by a pulley 22, which, in turn, is driven by a non-working wheel of the vehicle on which the rod is mounted. The turbine 21 converts the speed of rotation of said wheel into a pneumatic signal of pressure proportional to the speed. This signal is applied to a subtractor 23, which generates a pressure Pg (model of speed) applied to the circuit equalizer 13. A vane engine or a gear engine can be used as a pneumatic turbine 21. In both cases, a gap should be provided between the blades or neck valves and the stator to allow leakage if the vehicle with a yang slows down, in order to maintain a certain ratio between the speed of movement and the pressure Pg supplied to the input of the correction circuit. This ratio is set at 0.2 bar at 4 km / h, 0.3 bar at 5 km / h, etc. From this it follows that at a speed of 3 km / h the pressure corresponds to O bar i.e. The speed sensor 14 should send the signal Pg only when the travel speed is higher or at 3 km / h. This is the reason why a subtractor is provided, preferably part of amplifier 23, for eliminating excess air in case the speed is 3 km / h. It should be noted that if the travel speed is 4 km / h, the pressure Pg is significantly different from the required value of 0.2 rem, this does not have serious consequences, unless the specified pressure remains within 0.2 to 0.05 bar. In a second embodiment of the cKopoctH 14 sensor shown in FIG. 5, an electric tachometer 24 is used, which is driven by a pulley 22. If the output signal of the tachometer 25 is a constant voltage, then an electropneumatic transducer 25 should be connected to the output. Transducer 25 consists of a coil powered by a tachometer 24, acting on a cone-shaped extension core 26, more or less closing the air duct 27 with pressurized air coming from a reservoir (not shown) .. with the signal Pg from the output p eobrazovatel supplied to korrektiruyushuyu .tsep without amplification. If the tachometer 24 produces alternating voltage or pressure, then the alternating signal should be converted into a constant by an integrating circuit connected to the tachometer behind the transducer 25. ha 6 shows the third embodiment of the speed sensor 14. The speed sensor is in the form of a pneumatic sensor a pulley designed to convert speed to air pressure by means of a disc 28 with teeth 29 driven by a pulley connected to an idle wheel of the vehicle. The teeth 29 pass in front of the air inlet. 30, which produces at its output a square-shaped pressure signal integrated on the capacitance 31, preceded by a constriction 32. The signal is inverted by an analog inverter 33, and then amplified by an amplifier 34, producing a signal applied to the correction circuit 13 at its output. air sensor is supplied at high pressure, it falls directly into the restriction 32, or at low pressure, then the second restriction 35 and the amplifier 36 are successively entered with the sensor 30 and restriction 32. According to the fourth embodiment, 7, the speed sensor is made in the form of a permanent magnetic sensor 37 placed against a gear wheel 38 made of a ferromagnetic material and driven in rotation by the vehicle's idle wheel, tachometer 39 and electropneumatic converter 40. Electrical impulses When sensor 37 is rotated by the sensor 37, it is applied to a tachometer 39 which generates a DC signal applied to an electropneumatic converter 40, which is similar to zovatelyu 25 outputs a signal Pg. In the fifth embodiment, shown in Fig. 8, the speed sensor is made in the form of a car-type speedometer. The speedometer 41 contains a fixed scale 42 in front of which the indicator arrow 43 is moving, driven by a system with a flexible cable 44 connected to a non-operating wheel. The shaft of the arrow 43 can interact with the blade 45, which overlaps the pipe 46, into which pressurized air is supplied. The nozzle-blade system can be set with the possibility of adjustment relative to the scale 42 so that the arrow 43 begins to act on the blade 45 of a certain speed and moves it towards the nozzle by an amount proportional to the real speed in order to get the outlet 47 of the system proportional to speed, this pressure being amplified at amplifier 48 to generate a P signal. The range of operation is controlled by acting on an adjustable constriction 49, provided for in the system. The amplifier 48 is necessary for the reason that the nozzle-blade system forms a very low pressure. Fig. 9 shows a sixth embodiment of a speed sensor formed by a crank-type crank mechanism 50 driving a piston of a pneumatic pump 51. Mechanism 50 is driven by an off-wheel vehicle. The chamber of pump 51 is connected via valve 53 to integrating capacitor 54 in order to supply a pressure signal at point 55 proportional to the speed of rotation of wheel 52. In order to ensure the constant leakage of the air seal required for compensation of speed retardation, an outlet restriction 56 is provided. . 10 depicts an embodiment of a fluid pressure sensor comprising a membrane 57, rigidly connected during movement with a ball valve 58 embedded in a pneumatic circuit, the inlet of which is connected to a pipeline for supplying pressurized air, and a pressure proportional to the pressure of the fluid in the rod attached to the upper surface of the membrane 57. Such an embodiment of the fluid pressure sensor I makes it possible to work even with suspended fertilizer, since the diameter of the aperture on the liquid supply side is large. Figure 11 shows the first embodiment of the controller 10. The controller contains two identical CP and CPj devices. The comparison device contains two inputs E and C, on one and the other side of the partition 59, which can occupy two positions: one at which pressure in E transmits from input S, the second at which input S is isolated from E. A reference signal is supplied to input E, and a signal to be controlled to input P. If the signal at input E is smaller than the signal at input E, then the signal from input E is transmitted to output S, if the signal at input E is higher than that at input E, then output S is isolated from input E. Narrowing 60 provides a constant air leakage, allowing set to zero. The pressure P is fed to the input E of the comparator device CP, j and to the input Ej. of the comparator device C, while the pressure P is supplied to the input E of the comparator device CP and to the input E of the comparing device CP, j. Outputs S and DB. connected, for example, with a distribution device with a ground piston; D Depending on where the pressure is applied: to output S or to output $ 2, mechanism 9 acts on the valve block, opening or closing it. In case of equal pressure at the outlets 5 and S, j, the mechanism 9 does not change its position and the valve b remains in place. In practice, valve b opens or closes until pressure P reaches pressure level P at stabilized speed. Fig. 13 shows a second embodiment of a regulator made in the form of two distribution devices with ground pistons. Each pressure P and P. is supplied on one side of one of the two distribution devices D and 0, and also on the other side of the other distribution device. Depending on whether the pressure is higher or lower than P, the signal goes to the output S or S and causes the opening or closing of the valve b until the balance of pressures P and P is restored. Since in the distribution devices with a ground piston there is air leakage, then to create compensation for fading, i.e. to create equilibrium, a constant constriction 61 is provided, located in a pipeline supplying pressure P to switchgear 0. connected in parallel variable constriction 62. Figure 14 shows a simulation system that includes a source of compressed air 63, a control valve 64 and pressure control 65. Pneumatic logic circuit 66 is inserted between the input of the offset circuit 13 and the speed sensor. When the simulation system is operating, the setter 15 can be manipulated while the machine is not moving. As soon as the position of the setting device 15 is correctly set, the circuit, the simulation is turned off, therefore, distribution can begin, since the distribution pressure will be adjusted automatically. Claim 1. Spray device with automatically controlled flow, mounted on a wheeled vehicle and containing a fluid reservoir, spray bar, piping, connecting reservoir with boom and pump, and a control valve connected by a pneumocylinder to an actuator that is connected via a regulator torus with sensor: vehicle speed and with fluid pressure sensor, characterized in that, in order to simplify the design, the device is equipped with a corrector circuits installed between the controller and the speed sensor, the B11 controller being filled as an air pressure adder, and the fluidity pressure sensor and the speed sensor are respectively a fluid pressure to air pressure transducer and a vehicle speed to air pressure transducer. A device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is provided with an amplifier of air pressure,
    and the speed-to-air pressure transducer is designed as an air turbine connected to the driven wheel of the vehicle, the amplifier being installed between the turbine and the chain equalizer.
    3. The device according to claim 2, of which is supplied with a pneumatic subtraction mechanism associated with the amplifier.
    or embedded in it.
    4. The device according to PP.2 and 3, which is characterized by the fact that the turbine is made in the form of a blade col, ca.
    5. Device POP.1, characterized in that the converter of speed to air pressure is made in the form of a gear pump connected to the driving wheel of the vehicle. 6. The device according to claim 1, which is equipped with an electropneumatic converter associated with a speed-to-air pressure transducer made in the form of an electric tachometer.
    7. The device according to paragraphs. It is also possible that the tachometer is made in the form of a ferromagnetic gear and a fixed magnetic sensor associated with it.
    8. The device according to claim 1, from the fact that the converter of speed to air pressure is made
    in the form of a pneumatic sensor connected to a toothed disk, a source of compressed air supply and an inverter connected to the sensor, the inverter being connected to a circuit corrector via an amplifier.
    9. The device POP.1, which differs in that the converter of speed to air pressure is made in the form of a nozzle with a gate interacting with the arrow of the vehicle's speedometer.
    Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed-to-air pressure converter is made in the form of a piston pump and a crank mechanism, by means of which the pump is connected to the driven wheel of the vehicle.
    11. The device according to claim 1, DIFFERENT by the fact that the chain corrector is made in the form of a pneumatic amplifier and connected to it unregulated and adjustable chokes.
    . 12. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the controller is made in the form of two identical pneumatic adders with two inputs.
    13. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the regulator is formed from two identical distributors with a lapped piston.
    14, The device according to claims 1 to 13, in that it is equipped with a simulation system connected to a chain corrector, which is designed as a source of compressed air, a control valve and a pressure regulator connected
    with the input of the corrector circuit in parallel with the converter speed to air pressure.
    Sources of information taken into account in the examination
    1. For France of France 2266450, cl. A 01 M 7/00, 1975.
    2. For France of France No. 2363376, cl. B 05 B 9/06, 1978,
    [2]
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    HU184154B|1984-07-30|
    FR2445177B1|1982-11-05|
    US4301944A|1981-11-24|
    GB2045975A|1980-11-05|
    DE2951958A1|1980-07-17|
    GB2045975B|1983-05-11|
    DE2951958C2|1987-04-09|
    CA1127541A|1982-07-13|
    FR2445177A1|1980-07-25|
    DK546179A|1980-06-29|
    BG32711A3|1982-09-15|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
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    US3550854A|1967-12-21|1970-12-29|Harry C Fischer|Ultra-low volume spraying apparatus and systems for insecticides and the like|
    BE709882A|1968-01-25|1968-05-30|
    US3529772A|1968-09-27|1970-09-22|Southwest Welding & Mfg Co|Speed compensated sprinkler apparatus for water tank vehicles|
    US3693838A|1970-03-12|1972-09-26|Rex Chainbelt Inc|Material application rate indicator|
    FR2266450B1|1974-04-04|1978-08-04|Lestradet M C J|
    US3877645A|1974-05-28|1975-04-15|Dickey John Corp|Apparatus for spraying liquid product|
    FR2363376B1|1976-08-31|1980-08-14|Lestradet M C J|
    FR2403733B1|1977-09-26|1984-02-17|Tecnoma|DE3120470A1|1981-05-20|1983-01-05|Manfred Dipl.-Ing. 1000 Berlin Schmidt|Metering and spray device attached to a vehicle|
    FR2519162B1|1981-12-29|1984-06-29|Nodet Gougis|
    FR2592189B1|1985-12-20|1988-04-01|Zurak Ivica|DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING THE FLOW OF A PUMP AND FLUID DISTRIBUTION CIRCUIT COMPRISING SAME|
    US4988015A|1986-10-30|1991-01-29|Nordson Corporation|Method for dispensing fluid materials|
    US4922852A|1986-10-30|1990-05-08|Nordson Corporation|Apparatus for dispensing fluid materials|
    US5054650A|1986-10-30|1991-10-08|Nordson Corporation|Method of compensating for changes in the flow characteristics of a dispensed fluid to maintain the volume of dispensed fluid at a setpoint|
    HU198116B|1986-11-06|1989-08-28|Debreceni Mezoegazdasagi|Spraying machine particularly for area-proportional spreading spray liquor|
    US4842162A|1987-03-27|1989-06-27|Nordson Corporation|Apparatus and method for dispensing fluid materials using position-dependent velocity feedback|
    DE3818523A1|1988-05-31|1989-12-07|Steffen Graef|Measuring vessel|
    US4967957A|1989-11-02|1990-11-06|Dickey-John Corporation|Injection mixer|
    US5475614A|1994-01-13|1995-12-12|Micro-Trak Systems, Inc.|Method and apparatus for controlling a variable fluid delivery system|
    US5574657A|1994-02-08|1996-11-12|Micro-Trak Systems, Inc.|Electronic rate meter controller and method|
    US5687092A|1995-05-05|1997-11-11|Nordson Corporation|Method of compensating for changes in flow characteristics of a dispensed fluid|
    EP1829619A3|2006-02-10|2009-06-24|Baumer hhs GmbH|Pneumatic material pressure controller|
    US10066353B2|2011-10-31|2018-09-04|United Parcel Service Of America, Inc.|Automated dispensing of travel path applicants|
    US10072388B2|2011-10-31|2018-09-11|United Parcel Service Of America, Inc.|Automated dispensing of travel path applicants|
    US9655355B2|2015-04-29|2017-05-23|Cnh Industrial America Llc|Operator selectable speed input|
    US11122732B2|2018-10-17|2021-09-21|The Toro Company|Fertilizer distribution metering system and method|
    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR7836666A|FR2445177B1|1978-12-28|1978-12-28|
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